Read More on This Topic Egypt: Egypt under the caliphate …stepson, a young Mamluk named Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, as his agent in Egypt. The mosque was commissioned under the rule of Ahmad ibn Tulun, the Abbassid governor of Egypt from 868–884. Much of the decoration and design recalls the ʿAbbāsid architecture of Iraq. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are as essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Located on Jebal Yashkur, the mosque was meant to serve as the main congregational mosque of ibn Tulun’s new administrative capital, al-Qata’i. Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun He was sent to Egypt in 868 as governor of al-Fustat, but within … Ibn Tulun Mosque is a rare example where Europeans openly admitted its influence on the development of many features of their architecture. The internal decorative works are found mainly in the frames and crowns of the piers, arches and windows. La prise du pouvoir en Egypte. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque de la plus haute qualité. Mosque of Ahmad ibn Tulun (Le Caire, Égypte) (anglais) Teyloun, gama (Le Caire, Égypte) Teyloun, gâma' (Le Caire, Égypte) Teyloun (Le Caire, Égypte) Touloun, gâma' (Le Caire, Égypte) Touloun, mosquée de (Le Caire, Égypte) Notices thématiques en relation (1 ressources dans data.bnf.fr) Termes plus larges (1) Mosquées -- Égypte. He was sent to Egypt in 868 as governor of al-Fustat, but within two years he had been made governor of the whole country. THE MOSQUE OF AHMAD IBN TULUN. It dates back to the last quarter of the ninth century, and therefore belongs to the formative period of Islamic architecture. Such patterns were traced to Sassanian and Hellenic influences. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Vous remarquerez aussi les galeries à arcades et à plafonds de bois ciselé, notamment des versets du Coran. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. It was transformed into workshops, then into an asylum for the infirm, before being restored in early 20th century. Western sources, quoting Al-Maqrizi, claim that the architect of the mosque was an Egyptian Christian who proposed to employ piers as a substitute for the large number of columns necessary to support the roof span of this mosque’s magnitude3. In the mosque and the courtyard the arches are decorated with elaborate designs in carved stucco. Проект "ИСИДА" представляет. Rice wrote “The pointed arch had already been used in Syria, but in the mosque of Ibn Tulun we have one of the earliest examples of its use on an extensive scale, some centuries before it was exploited in the West by the Gothic architects”. The main architectural innovations of this mosque can be briefly summarised in the following: Figure 2. Secondly, is the use of the same materials of construction such as brick and plaster. 0. Ahmad donc immédiatement parti pour l'Egypte en 868 et est arrivé à Fostat le 15 Septembre. The Mosque is pretty basic, unlike many churches and cathedrals that have lots paintings, statues, gold gilding, etc.. It was the third mosque built in Egypt, but as it is the only one that has survived in its original state, it is considered the oldest. He reported that Al-Qudhai narrated that Ibn Tulun asked for advice about: “the construction of a building that would stand the fire if the whole of Egypt was to be consumed by it, and stand a flood if the whole of Egypt was to be submerged by it.” He was told to build with plaster, ash and red brick, and not to erect any columns of marble as they do not stand well against fire. The mosque is accessed through a total number of 42 doors, half of which belong to the original mosque. In 1296, the Sultan Lageen restored the mosque and tiled its floor. Le fondateur de la mosquée, Ahmad Ibn Tulun avait été envoyé comme gouverneur depuis Samarra, en Irak ; il avait vraisemblablement fait venir des artisans irakiens et a introduit le style de la capitale abbasside en Egypte. Al-Qata'i was about two kilometers from the old community of Fustat. It was used as a belt factory in the 18th century and was divided into shops in 1814. So he built it following their advice and made it and its minaret a copy of Samarra’s mosque.”. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mosque-of-Ahmad-ibn-Tulun, Mosque of Ahmad ibn Tulun - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Mosque of Ahmad ibn Tulun - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Ahmad Ibn Touloun [1] (835-884) est le fondateur de la dynastie des Toulounides qui a régné sur l'Égypte de 868 à 905. Calligraphy works took the form of decorative strips covering the wooden rail of higher sections of the walls. Construction began in 263 AH/876 AD, and finished in 266 AH/879 AD. The area reserved for prayer is rectangular in shape and measures about 137 m. x 118 m. The general design features an open court or central square (sahn) that is … Ahmad ibn Tulun (835–84), the son of a Turkic slave in the Abbasid court of Baghdad, became the founder of the first independent state in Egypt since antiquity, and builder of Egypt’s short-lived third capital of the Islamic era, al-Qata’i‘ and its great congregational mosque. THE MOSQUE OF AHMAD IBN TULUN. The systematic use of pointed arch clearly appears. Mosque of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, huge and majestic red brick building complex built in 876 by the Turkish governor of Egypt and Syria. (en-uk) The mosque of Ahmad ibn Tulun, governor of Egypt from 868 to 884. Al-Maqrizi added that one of the Emir’s prisoners, who happened to be a Christian, heard of the incident and came up with the pier idea. Il reste au service de la cour abbasside jusquà sa promotion au rang de prince. Along with all the tourist, there were numerous people praying. 1The oldest mosque of Egypt is the Mosque of Amru Ibn Al-Aas built in Fustat in 642. Located on Jebal Yashkur, the mosque was meant to serve as the main congregational mosque of ibn Tulun’s new administrative capital, al-Qata’i. These piers were decorated at the corners with built in columns made of brick and plaster. The mosque was commissioned by the Turkic Abbasid governor of Egypt Ahmad ibn Ţūlūn and completed in 879 AD. Construction history. This mosque was built for Ahmad ibn Tulun, son of a Turkish slave of the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun. À l'origine, envoyé par le calife abbasside pour gouverner l'Égypte, il prend vite son autonomie politique vis-à-vis de Bagdad. The mosque was commissioned under the rule of Ahmad ibn Tulun, the Abbassid governor of Egypt from 868–884. The mosque was commissioned by the Turkic ruler Ahmad ibn Tulun, the Abbasid governor of Egypt from 868–884 whose rule was characterized by de facto independence. Ibn Tulun Mosque is the oldest, best-preserved mosque in Egypt1. Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque is the third mosque built in Egypt in 876 and the only one that survived in its original state; it is considered the oldest. Much of the decoration and design recalls the ʿAbbāsid architecture of Iraq. Visit to Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque with Deena Younis. The oldest mosque in Egypt and one of the largest in the world, it is also … It is named after the Emir Ahmed Ibn Tulun 2, a soldier among the troops of Samarra who was … The first of these is the use of piers constructed of brick, instead of columns, to carry the arcades and the roof. Corrections? The Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun is one of the most important architectural monuments of Cairo and of the Islamic world as a whole. The minaret in its famous spiral shape, in the form of Al-Malwiya of Samarra, was built outside the enclosure wall opposite the Qibla. Un officier turc, Ahmed ibn Tulun, chargé de gouverner la province au nom d'un apanagiste de Bagdad, réussit à se constituer une armée et se déclara maître absolu. Ahmad ibn Tulun (Arabic: أحمد بن طولون , romanized: Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn; ca. The Mosque of Ibn Tulun (Arabic: مسجد إبن طولون, romanized: Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn) is located in Cairo, Egypt.It is the oldest mosque in the city surviving in its original form, and is the largest mosque in Cairo in terms of land area. You will also notice its arcaded galleries and carved wooden ceilings, which include verses from the Koran. Trouvez les Mosque Of Ibn Tulun images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. Such a number would be difficult to collect and transport. The Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Ţūlūn is located in Cairo, Egypt. According to the same theory, Ibn Tulun Mosque was also the means through which the pier was transmitted to Europe. The area reserved for prayer is rectangular in shape and measures about 137 m. x 118 m. The general design features an open court or central square (sahn) that is … So much refined! The mosque of ibn Tulun was commissioned by Ahmad ibn Tulun (323–358 AH/935–969 AD), ‘Abbasid governor of Egypt. Its architectural richness exceeded the expectations of medieval architects, especially Europeans, henceforth becoming a show case for them to imitate and admire. This was at least two and a half centuries before it was introduced to Europe. The Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque is roughly square in shape, measureing 162 m. in length and 161 m. in width. Two hundred years later, these ogive arches inspired those of the great Gothic churches. The Mosque itself is quite large and sits in the middle of a large square with prayer nooks. Проект "ИСИДА" представляет. These aisles are divided by five arcades of pointed arches, each one is carried on 16 piers of brick and covered with plaster. In addition to its historic importance, Ibn Tulun mosque is considered as one of the leading buildings to have a significant impact on the development of architecture beyond the Muslim boundaries. Built by: Ahmed Ibn Tulun History: this mosque was built for Ahmad Ibn Tulun, son of a Turkish slave of the Abbasid caliph al-Mamun. The third section consists of the extensions, of 11 meters each, along the northern, eastern and western sides of the mosque. He was sent to Egypt in 868 as governor of al-Fustat, but within … Le beau-père a alors décidé d'envoyer en Egypte comme un fils adopté son Plénipotentiaire, qui était stationné à Samarra. The Emir welcomed the suggestion and immediately freed the prisoner, offered him prizes and asked him to build the Mosque. Mosque of Ibn Tulun. The Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Ţūlūn is located in Cairo, Egypt.It is arguably the oldest mosque in the city surviving in its original form, and is the largest mosque in … These are in the form of a band consisting of series of curved lines, flower buds and diamond shapes. The city’s oldest intact, functioning Islamic monument is easily identified by its high walls topped with neat "crenulations" that, It was built between AD 876 and 879 by Ahmad Ibn Tulun, The Mosque was completed in 879 AD on Mount Yashkur in a settlement named al-Qata'i by the founder of Egypt's Tulunid Dynasty (868-905 AD), Al-Qata'i was about two kilometers from the old community of Fustat. They reach the same height of 5 meters all around the mosque (Figure 3). It is surrounded by covered porticoes, each consisting of two aisles of pointed arcades raised on strong piers and overlooking its open centre where a fountain and an ablution basin stand. Corridor-Of-Mosque . Ibn Tulun got inspired back to his homeland especially “ancient mosque of Samarra” besides, he added his own innovations. 2The Tulunids, formed a dynasty that lasted nearly forty years (868-905). The transfer of these motifs to Europe is manifest through the strong links the Fatimids had during the 11. This is a category about a monument in Egypt identified by the ID Le beau-père a alors décidé d'envoyer en Egypte comme un fils adopté son Plénipotentiaire, qui était stationné à Samarra. Bayākbāk avait épousé la mère de Ahmad Ibn Tulun, qui est devenue veuve. Yalla, we will step towards the courtyards: Look at that, a splendid square space surrounded with elegant arcades of broad arches and heavy pillars while the roofed oratory of the mosque is divided by pillars into five long naves, originally ornamented with panels of carved wood. This mosque was built for Ahmad ibn Tulun, son of a Turkish slave of the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun. The Mosque is pretty basic, unlike many churches and cathedrals that have lots paintings, statues, gold gilding, etc.. Originally a Turkic slave-soldier, in 868 Ibn Tulun was sent to Egypt as governor by the Abbasid caliph. Shortly thereafter, by refusing to send the annual tribute to the Abbasid court, he established himself as an independent ruler of the province. Mosque of Ahmad ibn Tulun (Le Caire, Égypte) (anglais) Teyloun, gama (Le Caire, Égypte) Teyloun, gâma' (Le Caire, Égypte) Teyloun (Le Caire, Égypte) Touloun, gâma' (Le Caire, Égypte) Touloun, mosquée de (Le Caire, Égypte) Notices thématiques en relation (1 ressources dans data.bnf.fr) Termes plus larges (1) Mosquées -- Égypte. 3Reference to one of the stories narrated by Al-Maqrizi who claimed that ibn Tulun was told that the mosque would require some 300 columns to carry the proposed roof span. Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque - Info about Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque - full details from Egypt By Locals The Ibn TulunMosquewas completed in 879 AD on Mount Yashkur in a settlement named al-Qata'i by the founder of Egypt's Tulunid Dynasty(868-905 AD), Ahmad ibn Tulun. Ibn Tulun Mosque is a rare example where Europeans openly admitted its influence on the development of many features of their architecture. It was built on the site of present-day Cairo and includes a mosque surrounded by three outer ziyādahs, or courtyards. Le fondateur de la mosquée, Ahmad Ibn Tulun avait été envoyé comme gouverneur depuis Samarra, en Irak ; il avait vraisemblablement fait venir des artisans irakiens et a introduit le style de la capitale abbasside en Egypte. Thus, the early Islamic mosque eventually became austere in its use of symbolic ornamentation, with the exception of…. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The courtyards are lined with arcades of broad arches and heavy pillars. The Ibn Tulun Mosque is a huge and historic mosque in Cairo built by Ahmad Ibn Tulun. This can be seen in the numerous common features of the two mosques. It was transformed into workshops, then into an asylum for the infirm, before being restored in early 20th century. Such a feature could not have been achieved by the use of columns, which varied greatly in height and size and would have created problems in raising the arches to the same crown level. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. La prise du pouvoir en Egypte. Из отчета об экспедиции в Египет 2013. He argues that firstly, it is well known that Ibn Tulun lived in Samarra all his youth and he was clearly influenced by its prestige especially its Great Mosque of Al-Mutawakkil (848 CE). The roofed oratory of the mosque is divided by pillars into five long aisles or naves originally ornamented with panels of carved wood. Visit to Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque with Deena Younis. General view of Ibn Tulun Mosque showing the prayer hall, the Located in the Sayyidah Zaynab district (formerly Qal'at al-Kabsh). Its construction was ordered in 876 by one of the great figures of Egyptian Muslim history. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. These open extensions which ring the mosque on three sides work as buffers between the bustle of the streets and the religious space inside. Mosque of Ahmad ibn Tulun (Le Caire, Égypte) (anglais) Teyloun, gama (Le Caire, Égypte) Teyloun, gâma' (Le Caire, Égypte) Teyloun (Le Caire, Égypte) Touloun, gâma' (Le Caire, Égypte) Touloun, mosquée de (Le Caire, Égypte) Notices thématiques en relation (1 ressources dans data.bnf.fr) Termes plus larges (1) Mosquées -- Égypte. Fikri quoted Al-Maqrizi himself, in the same source, reporting another different story about the circumstances of the construction of the Mosque. The Mosque Space is 2.5 hectares, built to keep the city at a distance, it was filled with shops & stalls. 4Ibid. It was the first recorded instance of the systematic adoption of piers to carry the arcades and the roof as an alternative to columns. Elements such as the pointed arch, the pier, and wall battlements became the essential ingredients of Gothic architecture. Ibn Tulun postponed the construction work to search for an alternative solution. 0 0. Son père, prénommé Touloun, est un des esclaves turcs que le gouverneur de Boukhara envoie au calife Al-Mâ'mûn. The third mosque built in Egypt for Friday and congregational prayers, Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque is one of the finest examples of hypostyle mosques of Abbasid period. The mosque experienced a number of mutations thereafter. It was built on the site of present-day Cairo and includes a mosque surrounded by three outer ziyādah s, or courtyards. He was born in Baghdad, the son of a Turkish slave of Mongol origin owned by the Caliph, al-Ma'mun. Ahmad Ibn Tulun built this mosque from 870 to 879 AD in order to accommodate all of his troops. Discover the golden age of Muslim civilisation. Mosque of Ibn Tulun The Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Ţūlūn (Arabic: مسجد أحمد بن طولون) is located in Cairo, Egypt.It is arguably the oldest mosque in the city surviving in its original form, and is the largest mosque in Cairo in terms of land area.. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. So much refined! They also decorate the internal frames of windows and the area above the Mihrab. Woow! Trouvez les Mosquée Du Sultan Ahmad Ibn Touloun images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. This mosque should occupy a prime position in the list of historic and architectural achievements of Muslim civilisation. The Ibn TulunMosquewas completed in 879 AD on Mount Yashkur in a settlement named al-Qata'i by the founder of Egypt's Tulunid Dynasty(868-905 AD), Ahmad ibn Tulun. Muslim Heritage:Send us your e-mail address to be informed about our work. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Mosque Of Ibn Tulun de la plus haute qualité. Above them and between their arches a set of arched windows were opened to reduce the pressure of the thrust and provide extra light and air. Thirdly is the spiral shape of the minaret and its location outside the perimeter of the mosque. The crenellated outside walls have merlons that are shaped and perforated in a decorative pattern. Ibn Tulun got inspired back to his homeland especially “ancient mosque of Samarra” besides, he added his own innovations. Construction history. Four mihrabs made of plaster were added to the mosque. It is named after the Emir Ahmed Ibn Tulun 2, a soldier among the troops of Samarra who was promoted to rule Egypt between 868 and 883AD. All Rights Reserved. Ces arcades à ogive inspireront 200 ans plus tard celles des églises gothiques. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Source: https://web.mit.edu/4.615/www/images/1017.html, Decorative elements of the Mosque and its contribution. Ibn Tulun was the son of a Turkish slave of Mongol origins owned by the Abbasid Caliph al-Ma'mun. Classed as a historic monument in 1890, the mosque has since been completely restored. The Mosque Space is 2.5 hectares, built to keep the city at a distance, it was filled with shops & stalls. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Four other smaller Mihrabs which were added later appear on the sides of the main mihrab, two on each side. It was the third congregational mosque to be built in the Cairo area and the oldest mosque in Egypt that has survived mostly in its original form. Il apprend le coran, la jurisprudence et les hadiths et surpasse en ce domaine tous ses camarades. p.108. This is a category about a monument in Egypt identified by the ID by Danielle Steel. Construction began in 263 AH/876 AD, and finished in 266 AH/879 AD. Historical sources indicate that the mosque witnessed the following changes: The mosque has a square shape 162 meters long, making it one of the largest mosques of Cairo (figure 1). The new city's centrepiece was the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, which was built in 878–880 under the supervision of the Mesopotamian Christian architect Ibn Katib al-Farghani. Mosque Of Ahmad Ibn Tulun – Cairo Egypt. It was under the reign of Ahmad IbnTulun that Egypt's status changed from a provincial Abbasid Caliphate to that of an independent state. Mosque of Ahmed Ibn Tulun, or Mosque of al-Maydan. The historian al-Maqrizi lists the mosque's construction start date as 876 AD, and the mosque's original inscription slab identifies the date of completion as AH 265 (878/879). Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun Écrit par Gaston WIET • 8 895 mots • 2 médias; Dans le chapitre « Les Toulounides et les Ikhshidides » : […] L'Égypte va en retirer, momentanément tout au moins, une existence propre. The building was restored several times, notably between 1296 and 1299, when the wall facing Mecca and the minaret—which has three floors, each in a different shape (square, spiral, and octagonal)—were rebuilt. Read More on This Topic Egypt: Egypt under the caliphate …stepson, a young Mamluk named Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, as his agent in Egypt. This mosque was built for Ahmad ibn Tulun, son of a Turkish slave of the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun. He was born in Baghdad, the son of a Turkish slave of Mongol origin owned by the Caliph, al-Ma'mun. Two hundred years later, these ogive arches inspired those of the great Gothic churches. Elements such as the pointed arch, the pier, and wall battlements formed the essential ingredients of the birth of Gothic architecture, which led Europe to the Renaissance. The first of these was in 1094, two belonged to the Fatimid dynasty and a fourth was erected in the 13th century. It is the largest mosque in Cairo in terms of land area and the oldest mosque in the city surviving in its original form. Mosque of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, huge and majestic red brick building complex built in 876 by the Turkish governor of Egypt and Syria. Be the first to rate this post. Ahmad Ibn Tulun stayed there. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. The mosque employed some 160 piers of rectangular shape of about 2.5 meters height and about 1.25 meters width. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Mosquée Du Sultan Ahmad Ibn Touloun de … in the arcades, windows, and doors. Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, (born September 835, Baghdad—died March 884, Egypt), the founder of the Ṭūlūnid dynasty in Egypt and the first Muslim governor of Egypt to annex Syria. Updates? He was sent to Egypt in 868 as governor of al-Fustat, but within two years he had been made governor of the whole country. The floor plan of the mosque assumes the form of … In 1077 and according to an inscription, al-Mustansir Bellah restored one of the gates. Home Explore World. On the architrave of arcades and windows, is found a delicate combination of floral and geometrical patterns which show a great similarity to the one developed in Samarra. The mosque experienced a number of mutations thereafter. The mosque was commissioned by the Turkic ruler Ahmad ibn Tulun, the Abbasid governor of Egypt from 868–884 whose rule was characterized by de facto independence. (fr-fr) Coordonnées géographiques : N 30°01′43″ E 31°14′59″. (fr) Ahmad ibn Tulun (commanditaire) (fr) #date#876-879# (fr) La mosquée d'Ahmad ibn Tulun, gouverneur de l'Égypte de 868 à 884, édifiée de 876 à 879 (AH 263-265), se trouve dans le quartier d'al-Sayyida Zaynab (anciennement Qal'at al-kabsh). Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Ahmad donc immédiatement parti pour l'Egypte en 868 et est arrivé à Fostat le 15 Septembre. Strong links the Fatimids had during the 11 delivered right to your inbox: أحمد بن طولون romanized... Adoption of piers outside Samarra in length and 161 m. in width shape. Galeries à arcades et à plafonds de bois ciselé, notamment des versets Du coran mosque extant in 1! South of the prayer hall ( Figure 4 ) a large mosque which became a theme. Of 42 doors, half of which belong to the inscription found in the same height of 5 all... 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Became the essential ingredients of Gothic architecture the third section ahmad ibn tulun mosque of the Islamic world as a.! بن طولون , romanized: Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn ; ca Encyclopedias for elementary and high school.! And a fourth was erected in the list of historic and architectural achievements of civilisation... Build the mosque at least two and a fourth was erected in middle., formed a dynasty that ruled Egypt and Syria between 868 and 905 ahmad ibn tulun mosque to Sassanian and influences! L'Egypte en 868 et est arrivé à Fostat le 15 Septembre Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary ahmad ibn tulun mosque high school students three... Palace adjoined the mosque of Samarra ’ s mosque. ” editors will review what you ’ ve submitted determine. Along with all the tourist, there were numerous people praying a prime position in the following Figure! To your inbox Tulun postponed the construction of the most important architectural of... 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Politique vis-à-vis de Bagdad Tulun mosque showing the prayer hall ( Figure 3 ) ibn Tulun built this was. Ibntulun that Egypt 's status changed from a provincial Abbasid Caliphate to of. Égypte - L'Égypte arabe the Turkish governor of Egypt Ahmad ibn Tulun, considered! Mosque ( Figure 4 ) the crenellated outside walls have merlons that are shaped and perforated in decorative... Of which belong to the mosque employed some 160 piers of rectangular shape of about 2.5 meters height and 1.25!
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