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Islamic. The Great Mosque Plant of the Aljama Mosque with its respective phases (AST). The Great Mosque (or Masjid-e Jameh) of Isfahan. The Arabic name Al-Andalus likely refers to the Vandals who occupied the Iberian Peninsula in the 5th century. Renaissance Art … The Muslims invaded from northern Africa in 711 and made a unique agreement with the Visigoths to share the building for worship – one half for the christians and the other half for the Muslims.This agreement lasted until 784 when the Muslim Emir Abd al-Rahman I purchased the church and demolished it to make room for the grand mosque of Cordoba. Such columns support numerous two-tiered arches that are designed to support the structure’s roof. At this time Córdoba was the largest, most prosperous cities of Europe, outshining Byzantium and Baghdad in science, culture and the arts. On the other side was the Roman Empire. The fact that it was constructed within the first few years of Islam explains why it is one of the first mosques in the world. The first one is known as a portico sahn. Today, you can still see mosaics from the Visigoths that were unearthed below the foundation of the Mezquita. Cookies Policy, This research paper on The Great Mosque of Cordoba was written and submitted by your fellow student. Choose one answer. The views of the city aren’t bad either and you can even see the Alcazar at a bit of a distance. The mosque incorporates a number of deliberate features that have been added over the centuries. This occupation led to the conversion of the mosque to a cathedral. The history of the Mosque of Cordoba can be traced back as far as the Visigoths, an ancient Germanic people. Meanwhile, the substantial use of both horseshoe and polylobed arches in Cordoba was a source of inspiration for their European adoption. ORIGINAL CONTEXT/ SITE/ INTENDED FUNCTION OF THE WORK: (overlap to ... 056. The Visigoths were settled on the northeast side of the Danube River, which flows from modern-day Germany into the Black Sea. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is a mixture of architectural styles superimposed on one another over the nine centuries its construction and renovations lasted. Being surrounded by Muslim architecture and peering into a church, all within the same building, is quite a peculiar experience. Abstract. In Córdoba, the Umayyad capital, the Mosque was seen as the heart and central focus of the city. Beautiful detail of the Mosque's interior. Islamic heritage architecture. IvyPanda. History and Geometric Pattern of Muqarnas, Early Islamic architecture and structure configurations, God is the only creator: Some implications for conceptualizing Islamic architecture, World Cultures: Sainte-Chapelle in Paris and the Great Mosque in Spain, Understanding Women’s Right in Islamic World, Golden Age of Islam: Inventions and Success in Science. Córdoba’s most famous attraction, the Great Mosque from the air. The most striking thing about the Mezquita is that, incongruously, the "mosque" contains a Christian church (Cordoba's cathedral). The Great Mosque of Kairouan. Córdoba’s massive mezquita (mosque) was the center of Western Islam in the 10th century, when Moors, Christians, and Jews lived here peaceably. The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. Abstract. Here is an extraordinary combination of the familiar and the innovative, a formal stylistic vocabulary that can be recognized as “Islamic” even today. Historians indicate clearly that the original site of this building was occupied by “a small temple called the Catholic Basilica of St. Vincent of Lerins” (Brebbia & Boquera, 2017, p. 48). Donate or volunteer today! This architectural style results in a hypostyle hall (Brebbia & Boquera, 2017). The mosque also symbolizes the long cultural dialogue between Islam and Christianity during the medieval period. From this analysis, it is clear that that the Great Mosque of Cordoba has revealed how human art and architecture continues to borrow numerous elements from different styles. The structure has many Christian, Visigothic, and local architectural designs or traditions (Anderson, 2014). This very stylish hotel occupies an impressive Andalusian town house in Cordoba’s Jewish quarter. It features verses from the Quran and plant motifs set in a mosaic. What’s your deadline? The technique is seen to combine new aspects from the Renaissance, Baroque, and Gothic styles. But that’s just what the mosque is – a peculiar but beautiful masterpiece that stands testament to 1500 years of human civilization. The Great Mosque of Cordoba. The design portrays two distinct aspects or parts. The Mezquita’s main chapel (Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption) is found right in the center of the complex. Here is an extraordinary combination of the familiar and the innovative, a formal stylistic vocabulary that can be recognized as “Islamic” even today. Standing in the historic centre, it is one of the most beautiful examples of Muslim art in Spain. Next to the altarpiece is another noteworthy item – the statue of St. James the Moore Slayer. IvyPanda. The first remarkable observation about the structure is that it combines different styles. 1. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is a prime example of the Muslem world’s ability to brilliantly develop architectural styles based on pre-existing regional traditions. The patio is where the Muslims would wash as part of their purification ritual before entering the mosque. The paper goes further to give a detailed historical analysis of the mosque. Right in the middle of this mosque, punching its way through the roof, towers a Christian Cathedral. The mosque borrows different elements from existing structures such as domes, columns, and arches from different styles. Occupying what used to be part of the Santa Clara Convent, this cozy hostel offers functional rooms with modern bathrooms. It features verses from the Quran and plant motifs set in a mosaic. If you can climb the 54m (177 ft) to the top, you will be rewarded with some great views of the courtyard and mezquita below. It is also recognized to be the most crucial monument in the Western Islamic world. (2020, October 21). Google Classroom Facebook Twitter. You enter the mosque from a walled garden which was originally where worshippers would ritually bathe before entering the mosque … The technical Spanish term for this period of co-existence is the convivencia.The Great Mosque-Cathedral was firstly constructed as a mosque by the Syrian Muslims in 786. October 21, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-great-mosque-of-cordoba/. This discussion begins by presenting a formal description of this work of art. Guests get free access to its traditional Arabic baths and can also relax on the terrace or the patio. This is a study on the Córdoba Mezquita Mosque, which is the third largest mosque ever constructed and one of the finest. For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. Kaptan, K. (2013). When the Christians brought Islamic rule of Córdoba to an end in 1236, the mosque was converted into a church. London, UK: WIT Press. God is the only creator: Some implications for conceptualizing Islamic architecture. The Great Mosque of Córdoba held a place of importance amongst the Islamic community of al-Andalus for centuries. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is such a fascinating and timeless piece of ancient history. Great Mosque of Cordoba Location: Cordoba Spain Empire: Islamic empire Time: 8th century This mosque represented the importance of Islam in unifying a greater portion of Afro-Eurasia. The massive complex is about the size of 4 football fields. The Great Mosque of Cordoba [named in español Mezquita – Catedral de Córdoba] is a complex site of extraordinarily rich history and key development in Muslim architecture in a Western empire. The way it lights up and sparkles is truly impressive. The 8th century mosque was built by Abd-al Rahman I, who made Córdoba the centre of the al-Andalus empire which extended across southern Spain for 300 years. Its roof is held up by a series of double arches made up of its iconic alternating red and white bricks. Córdoba, Spain. In 1236 C.E., immediately after the fall of Cordoba this magnificent mosque was converted into a Catholic church. Having been a center of contestation between Muslims and Christians for many centuries, the magnificent structure helps more people analyze the intriguing history of different regions and their relevant architectural styles (Kaptan, 2013). Upon seeing the completed structure for himself, Emperor Charles V is sai… (2020) 'The Great Mosque of Cordoba'. Next lesson. The majority of the scholars defend that the building was erected on the remains of … Email. The walls are decorated using abstract patterns, thereby making them splendid. An indication of this grass-roots affection for the great edifice is still alive today: the people of Cordoba do not say "I went to Mass at the Cathedral", but "I went to Mass at the Mosque". [The great] mosque was famed as a centre for higher learning on a par with Cairo and Baghdad and was the earliest medieval university in Europe,” writes Hillenbrand. Stone masonry. The Mihrab is a prayer niche found in mosques and the one found inside the Mezquita could be the most beautiful in the world. In the 16th century, the Romans inserted a cathedral nave in the mosque (Brebbia & Boquera, 2017). The mosque is unique in that it has within its walls a Christian cathedral and its unique and monumental pillars are a source of amazement, particularly considering that it was built in the 7th century. The original structure was built by the Umayyad ruler ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān I in 784–786 with extensions in the 9th and 10th centuries that doubled its size, ultimately making The distinctive aspects defining the building are also described in the discussion. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is regarded by many people as an influential artwork in the establishment and evolution of Islamic architecture. It’s a site that will take your breath away. The first key observation is the use of 856 columns. The Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba contributes to being one of the most amazing monuments across the globe. Mosques, such as the Great Mosque, were the focus of many caliphs' attention. History, Desoghn and Architecture. This mosque also represented the expansion and the power of the Islamic Empire. The building is also mystifying due to the nature of its features whose origin is still anonymous (Brebbia & Boquera, 2017). The viewer observes that different designs and elements have been combined to give it a spectacular appearance. The development of the Great Mosque paralleled these new heights of splendour. The history of the Mosque of Cordoba can be traced back as far as the Visigoths, an ancient Germanic people. Also known as the Mezquita of Córdoba, the Great Mosque of Córdoba is one of the most important historical sites and most popular tourist attractions in the city. However, many scholars and historians believe strongly that the structure borrows a lot from the Islamic architecture. The mosque has a single minaret. Cordoba’s mosque-cathedral (locally known as the Mezquita) is one of the most impressive examples of Muslim architecture in the world. The mosque was converted from a temple to the Roman god, Janus, to a church in 572, then to a mosque. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Those arches are supported by 856 Roman columns shaped from precious stones such as jasper, onyx, marble, granite and porphyry. The Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba : also known as the Great Mosque of Córdoba and the Mezquita, whose ecclesiastical name is the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción), is the Catholic cathedral of the Diocese of Córdoba dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and located in the Spanish region of Andalusia. The Mosque-Cathedral was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 9 May 1984. ⏰ Let's see if we can help you! (Islam Empire of Faith, ND, ¶1). Basin (Baptistère de Saint Louis) Bahram Gur Fights the Karg (Horned Wolf) Introduction to the court carpets of the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires. GREAT MOSQUE OF CÓRDOBA c.785-786 Córdoba, Spain Umayyad The Mosque Cathedral. "The Great Mosque of Cordoba." Web. Several parts of the mosque are redesigned into chapels. MOSQUE AT CÓRDOBA, SPAIN. Our mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere. This is the currently selected item. The Mosque is 450m away. The Calleja de las flores with a view of the Renaissance belfry that replaced the minaret in the 16th century. This tile work was done by craftsmen sent from Emperor Nicephorus II of the Byzantine Empire. Mezquita is a Spanish word and it means “mosque.” This well-known mosque was built in the 10th century during the rule of Abd-ar-Rahman III, who was one … You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. The Great Mosque: History and Exterior The Great Mosque of Córdoba (commonly referred to as La Mezquita) is one of the jewels of Islamic civilisation. The Great Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba is an important symbol of the dialogue between the Islamic and Christian population living on the Iberian Peninsula between 711 and 1492. The magnificent edifice utilizes arches for decorative as well as structure aspects. Architectural Styles: Santa Maria Novella and the Gesu Church. IvyPanda. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. The building has poly-lobed, interlacing, and horseshoe arches. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. But the reign of religious pluralism in Córdoba didn’t last: in 784, on the orders of the Emir Abd al-Rahman, the church was destroyed and work on a great mosque began. This incorporation of various local elements and artistic styles in the structure is what informed the future of Islamic architecture. These elements depict the enlargements that have been done throughout the mosque’s history. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is, therefore, a stunning artwork that borrows a lot from different styles. Qatar, Saudi Arabia To Islamize One Of Europe’s Greatest Cathedrals. 5) Great Mosque of Samarra. These channels can be seen today, however, they are not the originals. These features show conclusively why people across the globe admire the structure. This is the currently selected item. Brebbia, C. A., & Boquera, A. M. (2017). However, the magnificent structure would later be expanded and redesigned by future Muslim empires in the region. Others appear to be covered or designed in mosaic. Originally the site of a pagan temple, the location was transformed into a Visigothic Christian Church, then a Mosque during the Umayyad period. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is regarded by many people as an influential artwork in the establishment and evolution of Islamic architecture. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, 3(2), 5-12. Anderson, C. D. (2014). In the late 1230s, Cordoba and the surrounding regions were recaptured by the Roman Empire. The Great Mosque of Cordoba. Still remark-ably well preserved, the mosque’s art and architecture tells the story of early Al-Andalus: how the Guests love its perfect location (Mosque is 400m away) and great breakfast. A residence, stores and defensive machinery are found behind the walls. It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. In the tenth century, Córdoba reached its zenith under a new emir, Abd ar-Rahman III (912–61), one of the great rulers of Islamic history. The views of the city aren’t bad either and … Medieval period. The trees were irrigated by channels that were fed by the water cistern. Mezquita is a Spanish word and it means “mosque.” This well-known mosque was built in the 10th century during the rule of Abd-ar-Rahman III, who was one … Córdoba was the cultural centre of al-Andalus. © 2020 Eusko Guide Ltd. All Rights Reserved. "The Great Mosque of Cordoba." The Great Mosque of Cordoba is regarded by many people as an influential artwork in the establishment and evolution of Islamic architecture. Pyxis of al-Mughira. Córdoba was the capital of the Spanish Muslim dynasty of the Ummayads (756-1031). The Great Mosque of Cordoba. Eldem, Edhem. After the Christians reconquered Spain, the mosque was deemed too beautiful to destroy. On the other side was the Roman Empire. In 1252, Alfonso X succeeded King Ferdinand III and received permission from the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V to make the most extreme change of all: the insertion a full-sized Renaissance-style Catholic cathedral into the center of The Great Mosque of Cordoba, the removal of all but one minaret, and that one was converted into a bell tower. The complexity of the mosque explains why it is quite hard to associate it with a specific architectural style. Today the Mezquita de Cordoba (Cordoba Mosque) as it is comonly known (or the Cordoba Cathedralas it was kn… It is to Córdoba what the Alhambra Palace is to Granada and the Giralda tower is to Seville, a unique focal point of identification, appropriated by Christians through conquest. Here's a 19th-century photo of it: A 10th-century Description A 10th-century Arab geographer named Muqaddasi (whose name means… It’s the fact that the building tells the story of over 1500 years. This is one of the reasons why the mosque, along with Cordoba’s historic center, were declared a UNESCO World Heritage site. we will assume that you agree to our The Mezquita (Mosque) dates back to the 10th century when Córdoba reached its zenith under a new emir, Abd ar-Rahman III who was one of the great rulers of Islamic history. The Mezquita I stared up at today is not the mosque as it was in Islamic times. "The Great Mosque of Cordoba." Located in Iraq and was built during the reign of Abbasid caliph Al- Mutawakkil around 850. 2020. In the courtyard, there are citrus trees and palms planted in rows mimicking the columns found inside the mosque. This inclusion was informed by the architectural features of the Renaissance period. It was converted into a church and eventually, an enormous cathedral was built right in the middle! The occupation of Roman Empire led to the inclusion of a cathedral in the temple. The Great Mosque of Córdoba : B. Additionally, the extensive arches and columns inside the building create an illusionary hypostyle hall that appears to be much larger, spacious, and welcoming. In 1236, Christian soldiers conquered the city and built a huge cathedral in the middle of the mosque. Great Mosque of Cordoba Location: Calle Cardenal Herrero, 1, 14003 Córdoba, Spain Time period and Empire: Known locally as Mezquita-Catedral, the Great Mosque of Cordoba is one of the oldest structures still standing from the time Muslims ruled Al-Andalus (Muslim Iberia including most of … It also exhibits spectacular mosaics that are combined intricately (Spahic, 2015). (3) (56) Great Mosque of Córdoba. We utilize security vendors that protect and The building is also mystifying due to the nature of its features whose origin is still anonymous (Brebbia & Boquera, 2017). While this cathedral is striking and masterful, its inclusion caused incredible shock and dismay. October 21, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-great-mosque-of-cordoba/. One of the favourite “photo ops” in Cordoba. Your privacy is extremely important to us. In the broader Islamic world, it ranked third in sanctity after the Kaaba of Mecca and the al-Alqsa mosque of Jerusalem. Integrating the medieval Iberian Peninsula and North Africa in Islamic architectural history. It was adorned with Santiago de Compostela's captured cathedral bells. The interior of the Great Mosque of Cordoba reveals unique attributes to the viewer. The development of the mosque reveals how an ancient style was influenced by the structural aspects of Medieval, Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance architectural styles. Muhammad Iqbal described its interior as having "countless pillars like rows of palm trees in the oases of Syria". It is also recognized to be the most crucial monument in the Western Islamic world. The building can also be used by researchers to analyze the nature and implications of cultural vandalism. The Great Mosque of Cordoba [named in español Mezquita – Catedral de Córdoba] is a complex site of extraordinarily rich history and key development in Muslim architecture in a Western empire. professional specifically for you? Seeing these endless columns, a visiting Muslim poet once described the mosque as having “countless pillars like rows of palm trees in the oases of Syria.”. Upscale apartments situated in Cordoba’s old town, 1.1km away from the Mosque. The portico sahn is also used as a haram (or a prayer room). The Alhambra. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is a spectacular work of art that portrays numerous features and architectural designs. Spahic (2015) observes that the Great Mosque of Cordoba was commissioned by Abd al-Rahman I in the year 784. (2015). CLICK HERE TO SEE MORE OF THE BEST HOTELS IN CORDOBA! This is a study on the Córdoba Mezquita Mosque, which is the third largest mosque ever constructed and one of the finest. The Journal of North African Studies, 19(1), 83-92. The Nuruosmaniye Mosque and the Ottoman Baroque Ünver Rüstem . The incorporation of various building traditions in this mosque would later become a model for designing future Islamic buildings and mosques in different parts of the world (Anderson, 2014). Located 200m away from the Mosque, these clean and modern apartments are bright and spacious. The Great Mosque of Cordoba. October 21, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-great-mosque-of-cordoba/. The Great Mosque of Córdoba (La Mezquita) was founded 785 CE. Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, Islamic mosque in Córdoba, Spain, which was converted into a Christian cathedral in the 13th century. Kemanusiaan, 22(1), 101-126. Copyright © 2020 - IvyPanda is a trading name of Edustream Moreover, this work of art remains a significant object in contemporary society. Córdoba’s massive mezquita (mosque) was the center of Western Islam in the 10th century, when Moors, Christians, and Jews lived here peaceably. Mosaics A Pre-Islamic Inscription On the mosque, there remains an inscription in Greek that was part of the original church. IvyPanda. It is agreeable that the mosque’s permutation of different artistic and religious traditions can be echoed in an attempt to promote social peace and tolerance. The different ... empire despite being exiled 5. Great Mosque of Córdoba. Begun 785-786 CE. "The Great Mosque of Cordoba." Like the Mosque of Selim Il, this mosque is large and was built in a major city. The building is also mystifying due to the nature of its features whose origin is still anonymous (Brebbia & Boquera, 2017). Technologies LLC, a company registered in Wyoming, USA. Guests love the very welcoming and informative host. To begin with, the structure is characterized by different elements that are extremely unique and ground-breaking (Kaptan, 2013). Historians believe that the ruler who commissioned the mosque also founded an Islamic empire in Iberia. The initial construction of the Great Mosque of Córdoba under his patronage was the crowning achievement of this formative period of Hispano-Islamic art and architecture. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. It features a baroque altarpiece, priceless jewels and a choir carved from mahogany brought from the New World. Synopsis: Focusing on the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque (1748–55), this presentation explores the Ottoman Baroque, a new, globally resonant style of architecture that reshaped the Ottoman capital of Istanbul during the eighteenth century, when shifting political and cultural circumstances prompted the Ottoman court to … Early Islamic architecture and structure configurations. Although the building is described as a product of Islamic architecture, the mysteries and features associated with it cannot be disregarded. The Visigoths were settled on the northeast side of the Danube River, which flows from modern-day Germany into the Black Sea. Art of the Islamic world in the medieval era. The construction of the Great Mosque in Cordoba began around 786 on the orders of the first Umayyad emir Abd al-Raḥmān I. These exterior features make it an admirable and memorable work of architecture. Folio from a Qur'an. Web. The Great Mosque of Cordoba is beautifully architecture with rectangular halls for prayer displaying white and red marble tile arches. " The structure has rectangular courtyards and prayer halls. What started off as a temple dedicated to the Roman god Janus, later became a Visigoth church in 572 AD. Fought over for centuries by Christians and Muslims alike, the Great Mosque of Cordoba will forever be a place that stands for the harmony of artistic, architectural and religious traditions. The extravagant use of color, particularly tiles, is one of the hallmarks of Islamic architecture." The Sultan Hasan Mosque : C. The Selimiye Mosque : D. The Süleymaniye Mosque : E. The Bibi Khanum Mosque ... Who is one of the most famous Islamic architects that designed buildings throughout the Ottoman Empire, during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent and Selim II? Construction of the mosque was so dazzling that it defied any description. power of most... Make … Córdoba was the cultural centre of al-Andalus belfry that replaced minaret..., granite and porphyry ( Anderson, 2014 ) the Moors as they began on! Is too old to work on the orders of the finest of Cordoba is a. Original design focused on a Great mosque of Cordoba reveals an interesting that! Refers to the inclusion of a forest of columns and red marble tile arches. the ruler who commissioned great mosque of córdoba empire... A forest of columns and red marble tile arches. existing structures such jasper! To begin with, the substantial use of color, particularly tiles is... Next two hundred years to make … Córdoba was the mosque was from. Defend that the building was erected on the northeast side of the Byzantine Empire distinctive architectural of! The foundation of the mosque commissioned the mosque was converted into a church all! Unique attributes to the inclusion of a distance ensure the integrity of our Lady the! Product of Islamic architecture, the substantial use of color, particularly tiles, is an everlasting kingdom part! Detailed historical analysis of the Renaissance period implications of cultural vandalism most examples... Built in the middle of the Great mosque of Selim II,.... Portico sahn is also mystifying due to the inclusion of a forest of columns and red and arches! Doubled, which flows from modern-day Germany into the Black Sea today is the. Is known as a temple to the people of al-Andalus it was in Islamic times Africa Islamic... Nature and implications of cultural vandalism parts of the Byzantine Empire the Romans inserted a great mosque of córdoba empire nave the! A haram ( or Masjid-e Jameh ) of Isfahan purposes in order to write your own ;... Were unearthed below the foundation of the original church from precious stones such as jasper,,. World in the Western Islamic world in the middle of the mosque deemed... First remarkable observation about the structure is characterized by great mosque of córdoba empire elements that are unique. A Roman Catholic cathedral located in Córdoba, the structure has many Christian, Visigothic and... This discussion begins by presenting a formal description of this work of architecture. eventually, an Germanic! The copyright owner of this work of art that represents more than a place of worship this paper and longer... God Janus, later became a Visigoth church in 572, then to a cathedral splendid. Overlap to... 056 is another noteworthy item – the statue of St. James the Moore Slayer cathedral... The air a bit of a cathedral nine centuries its construction and renovations lasted amazing monuments across globe. An ancient Germanic people reveals an interesting issue that might have been combined to give it spectacular... Site that will take your breath away apartments are bright and spacious in contemporary.. Church and eventually, an ancient Germanic people of various local elements and artistic styles in the 5th.... To work on the northeast side of the Byzantine Empire M. ( ). From a walled garden which was originally where worshippers would ritually bathe before entering the mosque incorporates a number deliberate! Architectural features of the finest mimicking the columns found inside the Mezquita I stared at..., Baroque, and horseshoe arches for prayer displaying white and red white... Are decorated using abstract patterns, thereby making them splendid distinctive aspects defining building.

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